Ribo's proprietary technologies including unique delivery technologies for delivering oligonucleotide therapeutics for various targets and indications, as well as chemical modification technologies, novel , impurity analytical technologies, bioanalytical technologies, as well as manufacture technologies are comprehensively protected by patent, patent applications in major global pharmaceutical markets including China, the United States, Europe, Japan, South Korea and other countries/regions as well as trade secrets. Additionally, more and more collaborations with other companies in the research, development, transfer, license-out or license-in of patented technologies of pharmaceuticals and small nucleic acids are established and expected to advance the development of small nucleic acid pharmaceuticals. Ribo's IP portfolios and the collaborations with other companies provide solid support for the product pipelines of the company and enable us to possibly contribute to the health of mankind by meeting the unmet medical needs.